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Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
Abstract
The presence of nitrogen compounds such as ammonia and nitrite, in excess of the limit, can cause acute toxicity in aquatic animals and affect aquatic ecosystems and organisms. On the other hand, the entry of these chemicals into the body of fish can produce free radicals that are effective factors in the incidence of various diseases. The most important free radicals are reactive oxygen species that are considered as free radicals and are produced by various metabolic pathways such as aerobic metabolism in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Antioxidants are protective agents against the damage caused by free radicals and can easily withstand free radicals and end their chain reaction before any degradation of vital molecules. The imbalance between the production of free radicals and antioxidant defense leads to stress called oxidative stress. In fact, oxidative stress disturbs the balance of oxidants and antioxidants in favor of oxidants, which causes the oxidation of biological molecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and carbohydrates and leading to cellular damage. In this paper, the effects of ammonia and nitrite as oxidative agents have been discussed on the antioxidant system such as glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde in different fish.
molayemraftar, T., & peyghan, R. (2020). Effect of ammonia and nitrite toxicity on the antioxidant mechanisms of fish. Journal of Marine Fishes, 4(1), 16-25.
MLA
taravat molayemraftar; rahim peyghan. "Effect of ammonia and nitrite toxicity on the antioxidant mechanisms of fish". Journal of Marine Fishes, 4, 1, 2020, 16-25.
HARVARD
molayemraftar, T., peyghan, R. (2020). 'Effect of ammonia and nitrite toxicity on the antioxidant mechanisms of fish', Journal of Marine Fishes, 4(1), pp. 16-25.
VANCOUVER
molayemraftar, T., peyghan, R. Effect of ammonia and nitrite toxicity on the antioxidant mechanisms of fish. Journal of Marine Fishes, 2020; 4(1): 16-25.
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